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Patterns in the Use of Terms of Address Reflecting Politeness in the Toba Batak Language

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ABSTRACTrnrnAddress forms have become the subject of some disciplines such as Sociolinguistics, Anthropology, and Psychology since they offer a useful means of understanding the values, norms, and practices of different societies. This study explores the patterns of terms of address among the Toba Batak people-one of the ethnic groups in Indonesia. There are there main objectives; 1.) to find out the forms, functions, and factors affecting the choice and rules or patterns of use of forms of address; 2.) to discover which forms of address can be used as positive and negative politeness strategies; and 3.) to examine how Toba Bataks form their familial dyads and the norms underlying such dyads. The researcher applies two main theories: The Pronoun of Power and Solidarity by Brown and Gilman (1960) and Politeness: Some Universals in Language Use by Brown and Levison (1987). In addition, theories from the fields of Sociology and Anthropology are employed in relation to social structure, kinship and social norms.rnrnThe study is ethnographic in nature and has used the triangulation method with the use of field observation, survey questionnaire and structured interview.rnrnResults showed that the concept of power and solidarity as initiated by Brown and Gilman (1960) do not apply to Toba Batak. Moreover, Brown and Gilman's terms of address and patterns revealed that power and solidarity dimensions cannot be used to classify Toba Batak people into familial dyads. As such, dyads should be based on their statuses in the social structure and the kinship system. Furthermore, the results also showed that the main consideration to make appropriate choice of address terms is the social norms that underline familial dyads. Finally, as regards the concept of politeness, the result revealed that Brown and Levinson's (1987) theory is applicable to a certain extent, in the sense that some of the terms of address can be used as positive and negative politeness strategies.

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Ketersediaan

00.957/ 2006

T306.44 WAT p1

R Tandon PUST (Lt. II)

Tersedia

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

(D) 499.221 5 SIT p1

Penerbit

Manila : University of Santo Thomas Graduate School., 2009

Deskripsi Fisik

xi, 338 p. ; 30 cm

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

499.221 5

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

BATAK LANGUAGE

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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